Product Description
Heavy Duty Series Roller Chains 61X Series Roller Chains
The 61X roller chain
*Bush chain:d1 in the table indicates the external diameter of the bush
Pictures of RS240 Duplex Chain for Mining Conveyor
ROLLER CHAIN
Roller chain or bush roller chain is the type of chain drive most commonly used for transmission of mechanical power on many kinds of domestic, industrial and agricultural machinery, including conveyors, wire- and tube-drawing machines, printing presses, cars, motorcycles, and bicycles. It consists of a series of short cylindrical rollers held together by side links. It is driven by a toothed wheel called a sprocket. It is a simple, reliable, and efficient means of power transmission.
LUBRICATION
Many driving chains (for example, in factory equipment, or driving a camshaft inside an internal combustion engine) operate in clean environments, and thus the wearing surfaces (that is, the pins and bushings) are safe from precipitation and airborne grit, many even in a sealed environment such as an oil bath. Some roller chains are designed to have o-rings built into the space between the outside link plate and the inside roller link plates. Chain manufacturers began to include this feature in 1971 after the application was invented by Joseph Montano while working for Whitney Chain of Hartford, Connecticut. O-rings were included as a way to improve lubrication to the links of power transmission chains, a service that is vitally important to extending their working life. These rubber fixtures form a barrier that holds factory applied lubricating grease inside the pin and bushing wear areas. Further, the rubber o-rings prevent dirt and other contaminants from entering inside the chain linkages, where such particles would otherwise cause significant wear.[citation needed]
There are also many chains that have to operate in dirty conditions, and for size or operational reasons cannot be sealed. Examples include chains on farm equipment, bicycles, and chain saws. These chains will necessarily have relatively high rates of wear, particularly when the operators are prepared to accept more friction, less efficiency, more noise and more frequent replacement as they neglect lubrication and adjustment.
Many oil-based lubricants attract dirt and other particles, eventually forming an CHINAMFG paste that will compound wear on chains. This problem can be circumvented by use of a “dry” PTFE spray, which forms a solid film after application and repels both particles and moisture.
VARIANTS DESIGN
Layout of a roller chain: 1. Outer plate, 2. Inner plate, 3. Pin, 4. Bushing, 5. Roller
If the chain is not being used for a high wear application (for instance if it is just transmitting motion from a hand-operated lever to a control shaft on a machine, or a sliding door on an oven), then 1 of the simpler types of chain may still be used. Conversely, where extra strength but the smooth drive of a smaller pitch is required, the chain may be “siamesed”; instead of just 2 rows of plates on the outer sides of the chain, there may be 3 (“duplex”), 4 (“triplex”), or more rows of plates running parallel, with bushings and rollers between each adjacent pair, and the same number of rows of teeth running in parallel on the sprockets to match. Timing chains on automotive engines, for example, typically have multiple rows of plates called strands.
Roller chain is made in several sizes, the most common American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standards being 40, 50, 60, and 80. The first digit(s) indicate the pitch of the chain in eighths of an inch, with the last digit being 0 for standard chain, 1 for lightweight chain, and 5 for bushed chain with no rollers. Thus, a chain with half-inch pitch would be a #40 while a #160 sprocket would have teeth spaced 2 inches apart, etc. Metric pitches are expressed in sixteenths of an inch; thus a metric #8 chain (08B-1) would be equivalent to an ANSI #40. Most roller chain is made from plain carbon or alloy steel, but stainless steel is used in food processing machinery or other places where lubrication is a problem, and nylon or brass are occasionally seen for the same reason.
Roller chain is ordinarily hooked up using a master link (also known as a connecting link), which typically has 1 pin held by a horseshoe clip rather than friction fit, allowing it to be inserted or removed with simple tools. Chain with a removable link or pin is also known as cottered chain, which allows the length of the chain to be adjusted. Half links (also known as offsets) are available and are used to increase the length of the chain by a single roller. Riveted roller chain has the master link (also known as a connecting link) “riveted” or mashed on the ends. These pins are made to be durable and are not removable.
USE
An example of 2 ‘ghost’ sprockets tensioning a triplex roller chain system
Roller chains are used in low- to mid-speed drives at around 600 to 800 feet per minute; however, at higher speeds, around 2,000 to 3,000 feet per minute, V-belts are normally used due to wear and noise issues.
A bicycle chain is a form of roller chain. Bicycle chains may have a master link, or may require a chain tool for removal and installation. A similar but larger and thus stronger chain is used on most motorcycles although it is sometimes replaced by either a toothed belt or a shaft drive, which offer lower noise level and fewer maintenance requirements.
The great majority of automobile engines use roller chains to drive the camshaft(s). Very high performance engines often use gear drive, and starting in the early 1960s toothed belts were used by some manufacturers.
Chains are also used in forklifts using hydraulic rams as a pulley to raise and lower the carriage; however, these chains are not considered roller chains, but are classified as lift or leaf chains.
Chainsaw cutting chains superficially resemble roller chains but are more closely related to leaf chains. They are driven by projecting drive links which also serve to locate the chain CHINAMFG the bar.
Sea Harrier FA.2 ZA195 front (cold) vector thrust nozzle – the nozzle is rotated by a chain drive from an air motor
A perhaps unusual use of a pair of motorcycle chains is in the Harrier Jump Jet, where a chain drive from an air motor is used to rotate the movable engine nozzles, allowing them to be pointed downwards for hovering flight, or to the rear for normal CHINAMFG flight, a system known as Thrust vectoring.
WEAR
The effect of wear on a roller chain is to increase the pitch (spacing of the links), causing the chain to grow longer. Note that this is due to wear at the pivoting pins and bushes, not from actual stretching of the metal (as does happen to some flexible steel components such as the hand-brake cable of a motor vehicle).
With modern chains it is unusual for a chain (other than that of a bicycle) to wear until it breaks, since a worn chain leads to the rapid onset of wear on the teeth of the sprockets, with ultimate failure being the loss of all the teeth on the sprocket. The sprockets (in particular the smaller of the two) suffer a grinding motion that puts a characteristic hook shape into the driven face of the teeth. (This effect is made worse by a chain improperly tensioned, but is unavoidable no matter what care is taken). The worn teeth (and chain) no longer provides smooth transmission of power and this may become evident from the noise, the vibration or (in car engines using a timing chain) the variation in ignition timing seen with a timing light. Both sprockets and chain should be replaced in these cases, since a new chain on worn sprockets will not last long. However, in less severe cases it may be possible to save the larger of the 2 sprockets, since it is always the smaller 1 that suffers the most wear. Only in very light-weight applications such as a bicycle, or in extreme cases of improper tension, will the chain normally jump off the sprockets.
The lengthening due to wear of a chain is calculated by the following formula:
M = the length of a number of links measured
S = the number of links measured
P = Pitch
In industry, it is usual to monitor the movement of the chain tensioner (whether manual or automatic) or the exact length of a drive chain (one rule of thumb is to replace a roller chain which has elongated 3% on an adjustable drive or 1.5% on a fixed-center drive). A simpler method, particularly suitable for the cycle or motorcycle user, is to attempt to pull the chain away from the larger of the 2 sprockets, whilst ensuring the chain is taut. Any significant movement (e.g. making it possible to see through a gap) probably indicates a chain worn up to and beyond the limit. Sprocket damage will result if the problem is ignored. Sprocket wear cancels this effect, and may mask chain wear.
CHAIN STRENGTH
The most common measure of roller chain’s strength is tensile strength. Tensile strength represents how much load a chain can withstand under a one-time load before breaking. Just as important as tensile strength is a chain’s fatigue strength. The critical factors in a chain’s fatigue strength is the quality of steel used to manufacture the chain, the heat treatment of the chain components, the quality of the pitch hole fabrication of the linkplates, and the type of shot plus the intensity of shot peen coverage on the linkplates. Other factors can include the thickness of the linkplates and the design (contour) of the linkplates. The rule of thumb for roller chain operating on a continuous drive is for the chain load to not exceed a mere 1/6 or 1/9 of the chain’s tensile strength, depending on the type of master links used (press-fit vs. slip-fit)[citation needed]. Roller chains operating on a continuous drive beyond these thresholds can and typically do fail prematurely via linkplate fatigue failure.
The standard minimum ultimate strength of the ANSI 29.1 steel chain is 12,500 x (pitch, in inches)2. X-ring and O-Ring chains greatly decrease wear by means of internal lubricants, increasing chain life. The internal lubrication is inserted by means of a vacuum when riveting the chain together.
CHAIN STHangZhouRDS
Standards organizations (such as ANSI and ISO) maintain standards for design, dimensions, and interchangeability of transmission chains. For example, the following Table shows data from ANSI standard B29.1-2011 (Precision Power Transmission Roller Chains, Attachments, and Sprockets) developed by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). See the references[8][9][10] for additional information.
ASME/ANSI B29.1-2011 Roller Chain Standard SizesSizePitchMaximum Roller DiameterMinimum Ultimate Tensile StrengthMeasuring Load25
| ASME/ANSI B29.1-2011 Roller Chain Standard Sizes | ||||
| Size | Pitch | Maximum Roller Diameter | Minimum Ultimate Tensile Strength | Measuring Load |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 25 | 0.250 in (6.35 mm) | 0.130 in (3.30 mm) | 780 lb (350 kg) | 18 lb (8.2 kg) |
| 35 | 0.375 in (9.53 mm) | 0.200 in (5.08 mm) | 1,760 lb (800 kg) | 18 lb (8.2 kg) |
| 41 | 0.500 in (12.70 mm) | 0.306 in (7.77 mm) | 1,500 lb (680 kg) | 18 lb (8.2 kg) |
| 40 | 0.500 in (12.70 mm) | 0.312 in (7.92 mm) | 3,125 lb (1,417 kg) | 31 lb (14 kg) |
| 50 | 0.625 in (15.88 mm) | 0.400 in (10.16 mm) | 4,880 lb (2,210 kg) | 49 lb (22 kg) |
| 60 | 0.750 in (19.05 mm) | 0.469 in (11.91 mm) | 7,030 lb (3,190 kg) | 70 lb (32 kg) |
| 80 | 1.000 in (25.40 mm) | 0.625 in (15.88 mm) | 12,500 lb (5,700 kg) | 125 lb (57 kg) |
| 100 | 1.250 in (31.75 mm) | 0.750 in (19.05 mm) | 19,531 lb (8,859 kg) | 195 lb (88 kg) |
| 120 | 1.500 in (38.10 mm) | 0.875 in (22.23 mm) | 28,125 lb (12,757 kg) | 281 lb (127 kg) |
| 140 | 1.750 in (44.45 mm) | 1.000 in (25.40 mm) | 38,280 lb (17,360 kg) | 383 lb (174 kg) |
| 160 | 2.000 in (50.80 mm) | 1.125 in (28.58 mm) | 50,000 lb (23,000 kg) | 500 lb (230 kg) |
| 180 | 2.250 in (57.15 mm) | 1.460 in (37.08 mm) | 63,280 lb (28,700 kg) | 633 lb (287 kg) |
| 200 | 2.500 in (63.50 mm) | 1.562 in (39.67 mm) | 78,175 lb (35,460 kg) | 781 lb (354 kg) |
| 240 | 3.000 in (76.20 mm) | 1.875 in (47.63 mm) | 112,500 lb (51,000 kg) | 1,000 lb (450 kg |
For mnemonic purposes, below is another presentation of key dimensions from the same standard, expressed in fractions of an inch (which was part of the thinking behind the choice of preferred numbers in the ANSI standard):
| Pitch (inches) | Pitch expressed in eighths |
ANSI standard chain number |
Width (inches) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1⁄4 | 2⁄8 | 25 | 1⁄8 |
| 3⁄8 | 3⁄8 | 35 | 3⁄16 |
| 1⁄2 | 4⁄8 | 41 | 1⁄4 |
| 1⁄2 | 4⁄8 | 40 | 5⁄16 |
| 5⁄8 | 5⁄8 | 50 | 3⁄8 |
| 3⁄4 | 6⁄8 | 60 | 1⁄2 |
| 1 | 8⁄8 | 80 | 5⁄8 |
Notes:
1. The pitch is the distance between roller centers. The width is the distance between the link plates (i.e. slightly more than the roller width to allow for clearance).
2. The right-hand digit of the standard denotes 0 = normal chain, 1 = lightweight chain, 5 = rollerless bushing chain.
3. The left-hand digit denotes the number of eighths of an inch that make up the pitch.
4. An “H” following the standard number denotes heavyweight chain. A hyphenated number following the standard number denotes double-strand (2), triple-strand (3), and so on. Thus 60H-3 denotes number 60 heavyweight triple-strand chain.
A typical bicycle chain (for derailleur gears) uses narrow 1⁄2-inch-pitch chain. The width of the chain is variable, and does not affect the load capacity. The more sprockets at the rear wheel (historically 3-6, nowadays 7-12 sprockets), the narrower the chain. Chains are sold according to the number of speeds they are designed to work with, for example, “10 speed chain”. Hub gear or single speed bicycles use 1/2″ x 1/8″ chains, where 1/8″ refers to the maximum thickness of a sprocket that can be used with the chain.
Typically chains with parallel shaped links have an even number of links, with each narrow link followed by a broad one. Chains built up with a uniform type of link, narrow at 1 and broad at the other end, can be made with an odd number of links, which can be an advantage to adapt to a special chainwheel-distance; on the other side such a chain tends to be not so strong.
Roller chains made using ISO standard are sometimes called as isochains.
WHY CHOOSE US
1. Reliable Quality Assurance System
2. Cutting-Edge Computer-Controlled CNC Machines
3. Bespoke Solutions from Highly Experienced Specialists
4. Customization and OEM Available for Specific Application
5. Extensive Inventory of Spare Parts and Accessories
6. Well-Developed CHINAMFG Marketing Network
7. Efficient After-Sale Service System
The 219 sets of advanced automatic production equipment provide guarantees for high product quality. The 167 engineers and technicians with senior professional titles can design and develop products to meet the exact demands of customers, and OEM customizations are also available with us. Our sound global service network can provide customers with timely after-sales technical services.
We are not just a manufacturer and supplier, but also an industry consultant. We work pro-actively with you to offer expert advice and product recommendations in order to end up with a most cost effective product available for your specific application. The clients we serve CHINAMFG range from end users to distributors and OEMs. Our OEM replacements can be substituted wherever necessary and suitable for both repair and new assemblies.
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How do electronic or computer-controlled components integrate with cam rollers in modern applications?
In modern applications, electronic or computer-controlled components play a significant role in integrating with cam rollers to enhance functionality, precision, and automation. The integration of electronic or computer-controlled components with cam rollers enables advanced control, monitoring, and synchronization of the motion system. Here’s a detailed explanation of how electronic or computer-controlled components integrate with cam rollers in modern applications:
- Sensor Integration: Electronic sensors can be integrated with cam rollers to provide real-time feedback on various parameters such as position, speed, acceleration, and load. Position sensors, such as encoders or linear displacement sensors, can be used to precisely determine the position of the cam rollers and the objects or components they are tracking. This information can then be used for closed-loop control, ensuring accurate tracking and motion control.
- Control Systems: Electronic or computer-controlled systems can be employed to manage the operation of cam rollers. These control systems can receive input from sensors and use algorithms to calculate the desired motion profiles. They can then generate signals to drive motors or actuators that control the movement of the cam rollers. By integrating control systems, precise motion control, synchronization, and programmability can be achieved, enabling complex motion sequences and adaptive tracking capabilities.
- Communication Protocols: Electronic or computer-controlled components can utilize various communication protocols to exchange data and commands with other system components. For example, in industrial automation applications, cam rollers may be integrated into a larger control network using protocols such as Modbus, CAN bus, or Ethernet. This integration enables seamless communication, coordination, and synchronization with other components or systems, enhancing overall system performance and functionality.
- Human-Machine Interface (HMI): In applications where human interaction is involved, electronic or computer-controlled components can provide a user interface for monitoring and controlling the cam rollers. This interface can include touch screens, graphical displays, or control panels that allow operators to set parameters, monitor performance, and adjust settings as needed. The integration of HMIs with cam rollers simplifies operation, facilitates troubleshooting, and enhances user experience.
- Data Logging and Analysis: Electronic or computer-controlled components can capture and log data related to the operation of cam rollers and the overall tracking system. This data can include parameters such as position, speed, acceleration, forces, and system status. By analyzing this data, performance trends, anomalies, and optimization opportunities can be identified. The integration of data logging and analysis capabilities enables proactive maintenance, performance optimization, and continuous improvement of the cam roller system.
- Integration with Automation Systems: In automated systems, electronic or computer-controlled components can integrate cam rollers into the overall automation framework. This integration allows for seamless coordination with other automated processes, robotics, or material handling systems. By integrating cam rollers with automation systems, precise tracking, synchronized motion, and efficient production workflows can be achieved.
The integration of electronic or computer-controlled components with cam rollers brings advanced capabilities to modern applications. It enables precise control, adaptive tracking, real-time monitoring, data-driven optimization, and seamless integration with automation systems. This integration enhances the functionality, flexibility, and efficiency of cam roller systems, opening up possibilities for a wide range of applications in industries such as manufacturing, robotics, packaging, material handling, and more.
How does the choice of materials impact the performance of cam rollers in different environments?
The choice of materials significantly impacts the performance of cam rollers, especially when it comes to their operation in different environments. The selection of appropriate materials ensures the durability, reliability, and efficiency of cam rollers, while also ensuring they can withstand the specific conditions and challenges posed by different environments. Here’s a detailed explanation of how the choice of materials impacts the performance of cam rollers in different environments:
- Corrosive Environments: In corrosive environments where cam rollers may come into contact with chemicals, moisture, or other corrosive agents, the choice of materials is critical to prevent corrosion and maintain performance. Materials such as stainless steel or corrosion-resistant coatings like zinc plating or epoxy coatings are commonly used to protect cam rollers from corrosion, ensuring their longevity and reliable operation.
- High-Temperature Environments: In high-temperature environments, the choice of materials for cam rollers is crucial to ensure dimensional stability and resistance to heat-induced degradation. Heat-resistant materials such as high-temperature alloys or ceramics are employed to withstand elevated temperatures without compromising performance or structural integrity.
- Low-Temperature Environments: In low-temperature environments, materials used for cam rollers should retain their mechanical properties and flexibility even at extremely low temperatures. Some materials, such as certain grades of stainless steel or special polymers like PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), exhibit excellent low-temperature performance and are suitable for cam rollers operating in cold environments.
- High-Speed Applications: In high-speed applications where cam rollers experience rapid rotational speeds, material selection is crucial to ensure reliable and safe operation. High-performance materials with excellent wear resistance, low friction coefficients, and high strength are preferred to withstand the stresses and demands of high-speed rotation without premature wear or failure.
- High-Load Applications: In applications where cam rollers experience heavy loads, the choice of materials is essential to ensure sufficient load-carrying capacity and resistance to deformation or fatigue. Materials with high strength, hardness, and toughness, such as hardened steels or bearing-grade alloys, are commonly used to withstand the high loads and prevent premature wear or failure under heavy load conditions.
- Cleanroom Environments: In cleanroom environments where strict cleanliness and contamination control are necessary, the choice of materials for cam rollers is critical. Materials that are low in particle generation, have low outgassing properties, and can withstand frequent cleaning and sterilization procedures are preferred to maintain the cleanliness and integrity of the cleanroom environment.
- Food and Beverage Industry: In the food and beverage industry, cam rollers may need to comply with specific food safety regulations and requirements. Materials that are FDA-approved, food-grade, and resistant to chemicals or cleaning agents commonly used in the industry are selected to ensure the hygienic operation of cam rollers in food processing, packaging, or handling applications.
By carefully considering the environmental conditions and requirements of different applications, manufacturers can select the appropriate materials for cam rollers to optimize their performance and longevity. Material choices should take into account factors such as corrosion resistance, temperature resistance, speed capability, load capacity, cleanliness, and compliance with industry-specific regulations.
In summary, the choice of materials has a significant impact on the performance of cam rollers in different environments. The selection of appropriate materials ensures resistance to corrosion, high or low temperatures, enables high-speed or high-load operation, facilitates cleanliness in cleanroom environments, and meets specific requirements of industries like food and beverage. By choosing the right materials, cam rollers can deliver reliable, efficient, and long-lasting performance in diverse operating conditions.
Can you explain the primary functions and roles of cam rollers in various applications?
Cam rollers, also known as cam followers or track rollers, serve a variety of functions and play crucial roles in various applications across different industries. These specialized roller bearings are designed to follow the surface profile of a cam or track, enabling them to transmit motion, provide guidance, support, and handle loads. Here’s a detailed explanation of the primary functions and roles of cam rollers in various applications:
- Motion Transmission: One of the primary functions of cam rollers is to transmit motion from a rotating cam to a reciprocating or oscillating component. They are commonly used in applications such as engines, where they transfer the motion of the camshaft to the valves, controlling the opening and closing of the valves at the appropriate timing. Cam rollers ensure precise and reliable motion transmission in these systems.
- Guidance and Support: Cam rollers are frequently utilized to provide guidance and support to moving components in mechanical systems. They help maintain proper alignment and prevent lateral movement or deflection. In conveyor systems, for example, cam rollers guide the movement of belts or chains, ensuring smooth and controlled operation.
- Load Bearing: Cam rollers are designed to bear high loads and provide support in heavy-duty applications. They are commonly found in machinery and equipment where there is a need for reliable load-bearing capabilities. Construction machinery, material handling equipment, and industrial automation systems often rely on cam rollers to handle substantial loads and ensure stable and efficient operation.
- Compensating for Misalignment: In some applications, cam rollers are employed to compensate for misalignment between components. The rolling motion of the cam follower allows it to adjust and accommodate slight deviations in the cam or track profile. This feature ensures smooth operation even when there are minor misalignments, improving the overall performance and reliability of the system.
- Application-Specific Functions: Cam rollers can also serve application-specific functions based on the requirements of a particular system. For example, in printing and packaging machinery, cam rollers may be used to control the tension and guide the movement of printing substrates or packaging materials. In textile machinery, cam rollers may play a role in controlling the feeding and positioning of fabrics. The versatility of cam rollers allows them to be tailored to the specific needs of diverse applications.
The choice of cam roller design, size, and material depends on the specific demands of the application. Factors such as load capacity, speed, operating conditions, precision requirements, and environmental factors are taken into consideration when selecting the appropriate cam roller. Regular maintenance, including lubrication and inspection, is vital to ensure optimal performance and longevity of cam rollers in various applications.
In summary, cam rollers fulfill essential functions and play significant roles in a wide range of applications. They enable motion transmission, provide guidance and support, bear heavy loads, compensate for misalignment, and serve application-specific functions. Cam rollers contribute to the efficiency, reliability, and smooth operation of mechanical systems across diverse industries.
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